Serious Noob, Serious Questions.

[Deez]

I literally JUST started teaching myself C++ and of course I've run into quite a few problems already, lol. I'm running CodeBlocks in Windows 7...

I have some questions for those willing to answer them:

First, my simple starter "Hello, World!" program popped big time as a trojan on my computer. I'm not so much worried about the warning now as I am curious as to what in the code forced it. Also, it doesn't really work properly. It takes awhile to load, then I have to press a couple keys for it to close. Can someone please explain/help? 

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
inline void keep_window_open(){char ch; cin>>ch;}
int main()
{
cout<<"Hello,World!\n";
keep_window_open();
return 0;
}

Also, can someone please explain to me why Stroustrup's standard library header file pops so many errors in CodeBlocks? It literally pops 40+ errors in the code when I try to use it in the code above. I literally just copied and pasted the code straight from his website into the file. The code:

#ifndef H112
#define H112 201004L

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<list>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<stdexcept>

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <hash_map>
using stdext::hash_map;
#else
#include <ext/hash_map>
using __gnu_cxx::hash_map;

namespace __gnu_cxx {

template<> struct hash<std::string>
{
size_t operator()(const std::string& s) const
{
return hash<char*>()(s.c_str());
}
};

} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#define unordered_map hash_map

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

typedef long Unicode;

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

using namespace std;

template<class T> string to_string(const T& t)
{
ostringstream os;
os << t;
return os.str();
}

struct Range_error : out_of_range { // enhanced vector range error reporting
int index;
Range_error(int i) :out_of_range("Range error: "+to_string(i)), index(i) { }
};


// trivially range-checked vector (no iterator checking):
template< class T> struct Vector : public std::vector<T> {
typedef typename std::vector<T>::size_type size_type;

Vector() { }
explicit Vector(size_type n) :std::vector<T>(n) {}
Vector(size_type n, const T& v) :std::vector<T>(n,v) {}
template <class I>
Vector(I first, I last) :std::vector<T>(first,last) {}

T& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (i<0||this->size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
const T& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (i<0||this->size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
};

// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked vector:
#define vector Vector

// trivially range-checked string (no iterator checking):
struct String : std::string {

String() { }
String(const char* p) :std::string(p) {}
String(const string& s) :std::string(s) {}
template<class S> String(S s) :std::string(s) {}
String(int sz, char val) :std::string(sz,val) {}
template<class Iter> String(Iter p1, Iter p2) : std::string(p1,p2) { }

char& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (i<0||size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}

const char& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (i<0||size()<=i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}
};

#ifndef _MSC_VER
namespace __gnu_cxx {

template<> struct hash<String>
{
size_t operator()(const String& s) const
{
return hash<std::string>()(s);
}
};

} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif


struct Exit : runtime_error {
Exit(): runtime_error("Exit") {}
};

// error() simply disguises throws:
inline void error(const string& s)
{
throw runtime_error(s);
}

inline void error(const string& s, const string& s2)
{
error(s+s2);
}

inline void error(const string& s, int i)
{
ostringstream os;
os << s <<": " << i;
error(os.str());
}

#if _MSC_VER<1500
// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked string:
#define string String
// MS C++ 9.0 have a built-in assert for string range check
// and uses "std::string" in several places so that macro substitution fails
#endif

template<class T> char* as_bytes(T& i) // needed for binary I/O
{
void* addr = &i; // get the address of the first byte
// of memory used to store the object
return static_cast<char*>(addr); // treat that memory as bytes
}


inline void keep_window_open()
{
cin.clear();
cout << "Please enter a character to exit\n";
char ch;
cin >> ch;
return;
}

inline void keep_window_open(string s)
{
if (s=="") return;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(120,'\n');
for (; {
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
string ss;
while (cin >> ss && ss!=s)
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
return;
}
}



// error function to be used (only) until error() is introduced in Chapter 5:
inline void simple_error(string s) // write ``error: s�� and exit program
{
cerr << "error: " << s << '\n';
keep_window_open(); // for some Windows environments
exit(1);
}

// make std::min() and std::max() accessible:
#undef min
#undef max

#include<iomanip>
inline ios_base& general(ios_base& b) // to augment fixed and scientific
{
b.setf(ios_base::fmtflags(0),ios_base::floatfield);
return b;
}

// run-time checked narrowing cast (type conversion):
template<class R, class A> R narrow_cast(const A& a)
{
R r = R(a);
if (A(r)!=a) error(string("info loss"));
return r;
}


inline int randint(int max) { return rand()%max; }

inline int randint(int min, int max) { return randint(max-min)+min; }

inline double sqrt(int x) { return sqrt(double(x)); } // to match C++0x

#endif

I appreciate any type of input anyone can give. 

[George]

Trojan ? Oh that's new
Deez if you just started C++ it would be better to take it slowly.
Before some years I started learning c++ from here : www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/ , step by step.

A simpler hello world could be:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
  cout << "Hello World For Deez";
  getchar()
  return 0;
}


[Deez]

Yeah, I saw that code as well on CProgramming, but I figured if I'm trying to follow Stroustrup's book "Programming Principles and Practice Using C++" I should probably do it as he says, no? The huge problem with that is the fact that his header file(code listed above) pops so many friggin errors in CodeBlocks I can't use it. :\ Hence the alternative, which he also suggest.  

The original code that I'm supposed to use is:

#include "std_lib_facilities.h"
int main()
{
    cout<<"Hello,World!\n";
    keep_window_open();
    return 0;
}

[George]

I compiled successfully the code you provided on codeblocks.
Can you copy/paste the output of compiler (the errors) ?
Did you manage to compile the simple hello world from my previous post ?

[Deez]

May 16, 2013 12:12:37 GMT -5 George said:

I compiled successfully the code you provided on codeblocks.
Can you copy/paste the output of compiler (the errors) ?
Did you manage to compile the simple hello world from my previous post ?

Which code did you compile?

I haven't been home at all today, I will post the output once I get there.

Also, I have successfully run code similar to what you posted. The only difference was that it did not have the getchar() line.

[Deez]

George, the I get these errors MULTIPLE times:
    

\std_lib_facilities.h|1|error: stray '\377' in program|
\std_lib_facilities.h|1|error: stray '\376' in program|
\std_lib_facilities.h|1|error: stray '#' in program|
\std_lib_facilities.h|1|warning: null character(s) ignored [enabled by default]|
\std_lib_facilities.h|3|error: invalid preprocessing directive #d|

The invalid preprocessing directive error comes up multiple times with different letters at the end. 

There is a total of 44 errors, 4445 warnings just in the lib_std_facilities.h code!!... I don't understand...?

[George]

I haven't seen this kind of error before.
From a fast googling I found this post: www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/56117/
they say that inside code there are invalid characters.

I think the problem may also be the encoding. create a new file save it, go edit -> file encoding , set it to UTF-8 and then
copy past the code you provided from here as I did. ( don't forget to change the emoticon to ': o' )

[Deez]

May 17, 2013 2:14:04 GMT -5 George said:

I haven't seen this kind of error before.
From a fast googling I found this post: www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/56117/
they say that inside code there are invalid characters.

I think the problem may also be the encoding. create a new file save it, go edit -> file encoding , set it to UTF-8 and then
copy past the code you provided from here as I did. ( don't forget to change the emoticon to ': o' )

Lol, the person on that page has the EXACT same problem as I do. I'll dig into it further tomorrow. Thanks for the help.